XRP appears less exposed than Bitcoin to quantum risk as only 21 million XRP sits in exposed dormant accounts versus 34.6% of BTC supply.
XRP appears less exposed than Bitcoin to quantum risk as only 21 million XRP sits in exposed dormant accounts versus 34.6% of BTC supply.
Only 21 million XRP sits in dormant accounts with exposed public keys, a fraction of the token’s 61.4 billion circulating supply, while a recent white paper pegs Bitcoin’s quantum-vulnerable share at 34.6% of all BTC. The contrast highlights a structural gap in how each network handles cryptographic exposure.
XRPL validator Vet noted on April 7, 2026 that roughly 300,000 XRP accounts holding 2.4 billion XRP have never transacted, meaning their public keys remain undisclosed and effectively shielded from quantum attack vectors.
The same analysis found only two dormant high-balance accounts totaling 21 million XRP had exposed public keys after more than five years of inactivity. Against XRP’s circulating supply of 61.4 billion tokens, that exposed figure represents roughly 0.034% of supply.
On the Bitcoin side, a March 2026 white paper from ARK Invest and Unchained, as reported by Cointelegraph, found that 34.6% of Bitcoin supply remains quantum-vulnerable. The vulnerable bucket includes around 5 million BTC from address reuse, 1.7 million BTC in legacy P2PK addresses, and another 200,000 BTC in P2TR outputs.
XRP traded at $1.33 with a market cap of $81.7 billion at press time, amid broader market weakness. The Fear and Greed Index sat at 16, deep in “Extreme Fear” territory, a backdrop that has also weighed on recent ETF performance across Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana and XRP.
The gap comes down to when public keys become visible on each network. On the XRP Ledger, public keys must be published as part of a transaction so the ledger can verify signatures. Accounts that have never transacted simply have no public key on record for an attacker to target.
Bitcoin’s exposure follows a different pattern. Reused addresses broadcast the same public key with each spend, and older address formats like P2PK stored public keys directly. That is why the ARK/Unchained breakdown attributes the bulk of Bitcoin’s vulnerable supply to address reuse and legacy formats rather than a single design flaw.
This distinction is structural, not permanent. The moment an XRP holder moves funds, their public key enters the ledger. The current edge reflects the fact that a large share of XRP accounts have simply never been used, not that XRPL has adopted post-quantum cryptography.
Quick XRP acc quantum vulnerability check.
~300,000 accounts on XRP holding 2.4B XRP never transacted, thus public key unknown and quantum safe.
while only 2 accounts with larger holdings of 21M XRP are dormant (inactive over 5 years) and have their public key exposed.
Dormant…
— Vet (@Vet_X0) April 7, 2026
Source: @Vet_X0 on X
For XRP accounts that already have exposed keys, XRPL offers a built-in escape hatch. The ledger allows any account to remove or replace its regular key pair without changing the rest of the account, giving holders a key-rotation path that does not require a network-wide upgrade.
Bitcoin faces a heavier coordination burden. The ARK/Unchained paper estimated that breaking Bitcoin’s elliptic-curve cryptography would require about 2,330 logical qubits, a threshold no quantum computer has reached but one that researchers are actively working toward. Migrating Bitcoin to post-quantum signature schemes would require community agreement on an upgrade path such as BIP-360.
That governance challenge is the deeper story. XRP’s lower exposure today is a function of unused accounts and replaceable keys. Bitcoin’s challenge is that millions of coins sit in address types that cannot be migrated without owner action, and some of those coins belong to high-profile holders or lost wallets that will never sign a migration transaction.
The 65.4% of Bitcoin supply that currently sits in unexposed address types is safe under present conditions. But the remaining vulnerable share, spread across reused addresses and legacy formats, represents a migration project that no other network upgrade has attempted at this scale. How Bitcoin’s developer community and node operators navigate that process will likely matter more than any single token’s current exposure ratio.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial or investment advice. Cryptocurrency and digital asset markets carry significant risk. Always do your own research before making decisions.
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